137
Revista daESPM –Maio/Junho de 2002
ABSTRACT
Industrial society has developed products and services that covermost human needs, at least in thematerial and intellectual
aspects. Products and services are created and perfected everyday, totalling hundreds of thousands every year! The products
have tobebrought from theplace theywere conceivedor fabricated, to theplacewhere theywill be consumed. Thisprocesshas
been called
Direct Logistics
.
But, what is to be done when the product does not correspond to the consumer’s expectations, that is, it was supplied with
some type of defect or its characteristics do not correspond to those announced, preventing its full use?Or, what is to be done
when, after its useor consumption, theproduct has tobediscardedand the consumer does not findestablishedways todo this?
Howdoes apharmaceuticals company have toact whenabatchof its product shows undesirableeffects on its consumers and it
has tobe immediately recalled frompharmacies, hospitalsandeven fromconsumers’ homes tobecompletelydestroyed?How to
destroy it in a controlled way without affecting the environment? How to prevent it from returning to the consumer by accident?
Barren lotsall aroundare full of oldcar tyres that havehelped theproliferationof the
dengue
fevermosquito.Why is it that the tyre
manufacturers did not develop efficient ways to return them for intelligent recycling or destruction?
ReverseLogistics
tries to address both questions.We assign this name to the logistic process of intelligent management of
product recall, leading to its final disposal, recoveryor recycling.Reverse logisticsalreadyexist, both in thesupplychainand in the
value chain.Whilst it has not reached a high level of priority, reverse logisticswill be the future competitive advantage, whenever
the limits of direct logistics are reached.
This article on
Reverse Logistics
introduces a discussion on the theme as an important aspect of the logistic flows, still not
covered by somany authors in the subject.
REVERSELOGISTICS
P. 45
PAULOSERGIOMEDEIROSCARNEIRO
ABSTRACT
We have all seenwar rooms in some kind of film or TV series. Companies of themost dynamic sectors of the economy are
establishing similar centres, because theexpression “commercial war” has ceasedbeing just a rhetorical image.
The operational models of these rooms have already reached a reasonable reliability standard. Basically, a room has to con-
gregate, qualifiedpersonnel and telecommunications capabilities, aswell as information, logistics, intelligence systems and com-
mandandcontrol (just-in-time) tools.Theaim is toshare these,by lookingat the informationand interactionbetween themembers.
The rooms aremodelled in a type of self-managed structure, andare divided in “cells” and “sections”.
In terms of HR, 4 basic functions have to be filled: maintenance and support, fonts, prospectors and decisionmakers. Equip-
ment used in the roomhas tobe compatiblewith theneedsand limitationsof the corporation, in termsof dimensions, technology,
standardisation, accessibilityandconvertibility.Whenacrisiserupts, or anopportunity isdetected, theRoomhas to respondasan
autonomous entity, through qualification and forecasting actions.
Useful action for decision in aWar Room is that related to the immediate targets of the company. A critical sequence of its
decision scheme is: sensing, alarm, capturing and filtering, sharing, knowledgeanalysis, synthesis, reviewingand reaction.
WARROOMS
P. 55
HERMANOROBERTOTHIRY-CHERQUES
ABSTRACT
Theobjectiveof thisanalysis is toshow the impact of theuseof Internet in theareaofGraduateCoursesusing thevaluechain
concept. Themain characteristics of theGraduateCourses area are presented through the analysis of its value chain, to allow a
subsequent analysis of the impact of e-business on this traditional segment. Based on this analysis the authors present and
discuss two specific types of businesses: e-learningand the virtual technology university.
THE IMPACTOFE-BUSINESSONTHEVALUECHAINOFTHEGRADUATECOURSESSECTOR P. 63
ELISABETHGOMES/MARCIOLAGO
ABSTRACT
Some facts of thepresent economic crisiswere important for the selectionof the themeof thiswork. An increasingnumber of
companies indifficult financial situationandan increase in thenumber of companies that actuallywent bankrupt. Thedata shown
in this studywould be enough, on its own, to stress the importance of the subject.
A statistical effort wasdone toestablisha correlationbetween the variables. The strongest correlation foundwasbetween the
number of bankruptcies decreed in the city of SãoPauloand those in the rest of theSãoPaulo state. However, themost relevant
information which could be noted was a negative correlation between inflation and the number of bankrupt companies. This
statement, for sure, wouldgoagainst thegeneral paradigms and concepts on the subject.
Thediscussionalso revolvesaround theoutdated laws, specially theDecree-Law7.661of 06/21/45, knownas theBankruptcyLaw.
This work studies specially the bankruptcy forecastingmethods developed in Brazil, using the discriminating analysis, which
will be studied in greater depth as a sequence of thiswork, verifying if thesemethods could be applied by users in general.
The first part discusses general aspects of bankruptcy and the economical/financial behaviour of Brazilian companies before
and after the economic opening of the country. The second part will provide information on this data to the reader. Part three
describes thebankruptcy forecastingmethodsdeveloped inBrazil.Finally, part fourwill provideananalysisof thecompanies in the
sampleandwill show the resultsof the research.Asa result, thisstudy isexpected to identifywhichare themost assertivemethods
for the proposedanalysis, aswell as to establish conclusions and final considerations.
ANALYSISOFBANKRUPTCYFORECASTINGMODELSUSED INBRAZIL
P. 72
ADRIANOGOMES
Englishabstracts
